Invisalign: What is it, How does it Work and Do You Need It

When people look at you, one of the first things that they will notice is your smile. It can brighten a room, create a lasting impression, and boost your confidence.

But what if your smile isn’t as straight as you’d like it to be? Traditional metal braces have long been the go-to solution for aligning teeth, but they come with their own set of challenges—discomfort, dietary restrictions, and a visible impact on your appearance.

Smiling patient holding an Invisalign aligner at Enamel Dentistry

Invisalign is a modern orthodontic treatment that straightens teeth without the need for traditional metal braces. Unlike the conventional braces that use brackets and wires, Invisalign relies on a series of clear, custom-made aligners. 

These aligners are made from a smooth, BPA-free plastic that is nearly invisible when worn, making them an ideal option for those who want to improve their smile discreetly. 

Each set of aligners is designed to gradually move your teeth into the desired position, with patients typically switching to a new set every one to two weeks (depending on the type of treatment or the condition that your teeth are in).

The Invisalign treatment is highly customizable, starting with a consultation where a detailed 3D scan of your teeth is taken. This scan allows your dentist to map out a precise treatment plan, showing you the step-by-step progression of your teeth throughout the treatment. 

Our Invisalign portfolio includes 3 types of clear aligner solutions tailored to address different levels of malocclusion and patient needs. 

In the following, we included a table of the most appropriate treatment options based on the severity of the dental issues and the patient type, whether they are an adult, teen, or growing child.

Invisalign aligners are made from medical-grade, high molecular weight, thermoplastic polymers. 

These materials were selected because they are safe and effective, with a history of FDA approvals for long-term use in the body. They have been extensively tested and found to be compatible with the human mouth and meet all safety standards for oral use

How does Invisalign work?

Invisalign uses a series of clear plastic aligners to move your teeth gradually. Each aligner is slightly different in shape, so your teeth are moved bit by bit. 

For example, the first aligner will match your current tooth position, while the final aligner will reflect your straightened smile. Each aligner shifts your teeth by small increments, and changing aligners as directed ensures steady progress toward your desired result.

How do Aligners Impact the Bone?

Your teeth are anchored in bone by the periodontal ligament, which acts like a cushion. When the aligners apply pressure, this ligament and the surrounding bone are remodeled to accommodate the new tooth positions. 

Some cells in the ligament break down bone in the direction the tooth is moving, while others build new bone in the space the tooth has moved from. This process can make your teeth feel loose at times, but this is completely normal.

Invisalign Attachments and IPR

In almost 95% of cases, small composite buttons called attachments are added to the fronts of your teeth. These are used to help move your teeth more effectively by providing additional points of contact for the aligners. Attachments are removed at the end of treatment without leaving a trace.

Interproximal reduction (IPR) is sometimes used to create extra space for tooth movement. We polish in between the teeth (a few 10ths of a mm) to create space. This technique is particularly useful in cases of crowded teeth.

What Types of Dental Issues Can Invisalign Correct?

Invisalign can correct the following dental conditions.

    • Crooked Teeth -If you want to straighten your crooked teeth, Invisalign can be an effective solution. It uses a series of clear aligners to gradually shift crooked teeth into proper alignment, helping you achieve a straighter and more confident smile.
    • Overbite – An overbite occurs when the upper teeth extend too far over the lower teeth, making it challenging to bite and chew certain foods. Invisalign can often address this issue by moving the teeth into better alignment, ensuring that the top and bottom teeth meet correctly when your mouth is closed. However, the success of treatment can depend on the severity of the overbite.
    • Underbite – An underbite happens when the lower teeth protrude in front of the upper teeth, which can lead to rapid wear on the teeth and difficulties with speech. Invisalign can sometimes correct an underbite by shifting the lower teeth back to their proper position. In severe cases, a combination of braces and Invisalign might be necessary, and some extreme underbite situations may not be fully treatable with Invisalign alone.
    • Crossbite – A crossbite is when some upper teeth sit inside the lower teeth rather than outside, which can lead to tooth chipping, wear, and even gum recession. Invisalign can often address a crossbite by repositioning the misaligned teeth, helping to correct the bite and improve oral health.

    • Gaps Between Teeth – Spacing issues, such as gaps between teeth, can cause food to get trapped, leading to discomfort and potential gum disease. Invisalign can effectively close these gaps, enhancing both the health and aesthetics of your smile. However, there are limits to how much space can be closed with Invisalign.
    • Open Bite – An open bite occurs when there’s a visible gap between the upper and lower teeth even when the mouth is fully closed. Invisalign can help by moving the teeth into positions where they properly meet, correcting the open bite, and improving overall function.
    • Crowded Teeth – Tooth crowding occurs when there isn’t enough space in the jaw for all of your teeth, causing them to overlap and twist. This can create difficulties with cleaning and increase the risk of decay and gum disease.  Invisalign can address some cases of crowded teeth by gradually shifting them into a better position, although the effectiveness of the treatment depends on the severity and complexity of the crowding.

How Effective is Invisalign?

Invisalign is as effective as traditional braces. The clear aligners used in Invisalign are less noticeable than metal braces, which can encourage patients to adhere more consistently to their treatment plan. This subtlety often helps patients stay committed to the process, leading to successful outcomes.

The study by NIH suggests that clear aligners offer benefits such as targeted tooth movement and shorter treatment times compared to metal braces. However, they have limitations compared to traditional braces, particularly in achieving precise occlusal contacts, controlling tooth torque, and ensuring effective retention.

What can affect how well Invisalign works?

The main things that will affect how Invisalign works are your eating habits, how long you wear aligners, your brushing teeth routine, and how well you clean your aligners.

For Invisalign to be effective, it’s crucial to wear the aligners for 20 to 22 hours a day. The only times you should remove them are for eating or drinking, brushing and flossing your teeth, and cleaning the aligners.

But be cautious when cleaning your aligners; using very hot water can warp the plastic, affecting the fit and potentially hindering your treatment progress.

The success of Invisalign can also depend on the complexity of your orthodontic issues. For more intricate spacing or bite problems, treatment may take longer to achieve the desired results

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